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Foes of a controversial copyright measure have gained some high-profile allies: Google, Facebook, Twitter, Zynga, and other Web companies have joined the ranks of the bill’s opponents.

They sent a letter (PDF) last night to key members of the U.S. Senate and House of Representatives, saying the Stop Online Piracy Act, or SOPA, “pose[s] a serious risk to our industry’s continued track record of innovation and job creation, as well as to our nation’s cybersecurity.”

House Judiciary Chairman Lamar Smith (R-Texas) has invited five supporters of SOPA to testify tomorrow, but only one opponent.

(Credit:U.S. House of Representatives)

The protest was designed to raise objections in advance of a hearing before the full House Judiciary committee tomorrow at 10 a.m. ET (7 a.m. PT). the letter, also signed by eBay, Mozilla, Yahoo, AOL, and LinkedIn, asks politicians to “consider more targeted ways to combat foreign ‘rogue’ Web sites.”

SOPA, which was introduced last month in the House to the applause of lobbyists for Hollywood and other large content holders, is designed to make allegedly copyright-infringing Web sites, sometimes called “rogue” Web sites, virtually disappear from the Internet.

An announcement of tomorrow’s hearing leaves little doubt about where House Judiciary Chairman Lamar Smith, a Texas Republican, stands. it says SOPA reflects a bipartisan “commitment toward ensuring that law enforcement and job creators have the necessary tools to protect American intellectual property from counterfeiting and piracy.”

Not only is Smith SOPA’s primary House sponsor, but opponents are outgunned in both congressional chambers. SOPA’s backers include the Republican or Democratic heads of all the relevant House and Senate committees, and groups as varied as the Teamsters and the AFL-CIO have embraced it on the theory that it will protect and create U.S. jobs.

Smith pointedly declined to invite any civil-liberties groups that have criticized SOPA, such as the Electronic Frontier Foundation, to testify before his committee tomorrow. the Motion Picture Association of America did get an invitation, however, as did the AFL-CIO and Pfizer.

Google will be the only dissenting voice, a tactic that may allow SOPA’s supporters to characterize corporate opposition as limited, especially because the Mountain View, Calif., company has been enmeshed in so manycopyright battles of its own. the Web companies’ letter will let Katherine Oyama, Google’s policy counsel, demonstrate that opposition is broader than one firm.

In addition, opponents were scheduled to hold a press briefing this morning inside the Capitol Visitors Center complex. they had invited Rep. Zoe Lofgren (D-Calif.) and Darrell Issa (R-Calif.) to speak.

SOPA is so controversial–EFF calls it “disastrous”–because it would force changes to the Domain Name System and effectively create a blacklist of Internet domains suspected of intellectual-property violations.

A Senate version of the bill called the Protect IP Act, which a committee approved in may, was broadly supported by film and music industry companies. but Google Chairman Eric Schmidt was sharply critical, as were prominent venture capitalists, civil-liberties groups, and trade associations representing Web companies.

Even pop star Justin Bieber has weighed in.

In a recent radio interview designed to promote his Christmas album, Bieber said, referring to Sen. Amy Klobuchar (D-Minn.), who sponsored the Senate version: “Whomever she is, she needs to know that I’m saying she needs to be locked up, put away in cuffs… I just think that’s ridiculous.”

Update, 10:30 a.m. PT: Members of Congress opposed to SOPA have circulated their own letter (PDF), which was signed by Zoe Lofgren and Anna Eshoo, both California Democrats, and Ron Paul, the Republican presidential candidate from Texas, among others. they say SOPA will invite “an explosion of innovation-killing lawsuits and litigation.” Lofgren (see CNET’s previous report) has been critical of MPAA-backed copyright bills before.

Update, 1:40 p.m. PT: the we-hate-SOPA letters keep flooding in. A few dozen civil-liberties and left-leaning advocacy groups from around the globe now are circulating their own letter (PDF), which says that “through SOPA, the United States is attempting to dominate a shared global resource.” Signers include Bits of Freedom in the Netherlands, the Electronic Frontier Finland, Reporters Without Borders, and, in the United States, Free Press and Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility. Notably absent are the two biggest such advocacy groups: Human Rights Watch and Amnesty International.

And another! This letter (PDF) is from a slew of law professors, including Stanford’s Mark Lemley, Elon’s David Levine, Temple’s David Post, and UCLA’s Eugene Volokh. they seem even more generous in their criticism than the other letters, warning that SOPA “has grave constitutional infirmities, potentially dangerous consequences for the stability and security of the Internet’s addressing system, and will undermine United States foreign policy and strong support of free expression on the Internet around the world.”

Google, Facebook, Zynga oppose new SOPA copyright bill